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The first of the four NIR bands is often referred to as the vegetation band (0.86В Ојm) due to the strong signal of reflected sunlight from vegetated surfaces. The two visible bands are known as the Red (0.64В Ојm) and Blue (0.47В Ојm) bands.

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Unlike previous-generation GOES series imagers, which had only one visible band, GOES-16 ABI has 16 spectral bands, two of which are within the visible range and four in the NIR range. The enhanced version aims to boost contrast within the lower end of the signal, which generally correlates to surface features ( ).

The natural color aims to mimic what the human eye would see if one were looking at Earth from a distance. Images from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on Deep Space Climate Observatory, which view the Earth from Lagrangian Point 1 (L1) orbit, are provided in both natural and enhanced color options. In contrast to false color RGBs, true color RGB approximates more closely normal human color vision and thus requires far less special training to interpret.

One such example is the EUMETSAT Dust RGB (Lensky & Rosenfeld, 2008). False color composites may highlight various features in arbitrary colors, so training is needed to understand what each color means. RGB images fall into two broad categories: false color or true color. One effective way to communicate multispectral information is via Red-Green-Blue (RGB) composite imagery. Most recently, the AHI, having red, green, and blue sensitive spectral bands, has allowed for true color imaging after an adjustment to its 0.51В Ојm green band (Miller et al., 2016).ДЄs these advanced imagers include additional spectral bands over the previous generation of imagers, there are an increasing number of ways to combine the spectral information. India and Russia also operate geostationary imagers. These are the first geostationary imagers to provide true color imagery since the experimental ATS-3 in 1967 (Suomi & Parent, 1968). These imagers have at least two visible bands. These include Japan's two Advanced Himawari Imagers (AHI), currently in-orbit on Himawari-8 and -9, China's Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager, Korea's Advanced Meteorological Imager, and Europe's Flexible Combined Imager to fly on METEOSAT Third Generation (Bessho et al., 2016 Stuhlmann et al., 2005 Yang et al., 2017). There are other advanced geostationary imagers around the globe, either recently launched or planned. The information from the ABI on the GOES-R series can be used for many applications including severe weather, tropical cyclones and hurricanes, aviation, natural hazards, the atmosphere, oceans, and the cryosphere. GOES-16 became the operational East satellite on 18 December 2017. GOES-R was launched and became GOES-16 in November of 2016. GOES-16 is the first of the GOES-R series of four spacecraft. image every 5В min, and two mesoscale images every minute (Schmit et al., 2015).

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The main ABI scan mode includes a full disk hemispheric image every 15В min along with a Contiguous U.S. This can be compared to 2 visible bands (with spatial resolutions of 0.5 and 1В km), 4 near-infrared (NIR), and 10 infrared bands on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R series Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI Greenwald et al., 2016 Kalluri et al., 2015, 2018 Schmit et al., 2017). ATS-1 had one visible band, with an approximate spatial resolution of 4В km at the satellite subpoint. Geostationary imagers have greatly evolved since the experimental Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) series in the mid to late 1960s (Suomi & Parent, 1968). 1 Introduction 1.1 Evolution From ATS to GOES-16

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